Configuring an industrial automation system for internet-of-things accessibility

ABSTRACT

A method for configuring an industrial automation system for internet-of-things accessibility involves a computing device which a) receives a first user input indicative of a functional object representing one or more low-level devices and/or automation devices and/or supervising and production control devices. The computing device also b) receives) a second user input indicative of a cloud object representing a cloud service provider being external to the industrial automation system. The computing device further c) receives a third user input indicative of a user terminal object representing a user terminal device being external to the industrial automation system. The computing device then d) causes the cloud service provider to enable communication between the user terminal device and at least one of the devices in the industrial automation system as represented by the functional object via the cloud service provider.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 16/631,410filed 15 Jan. 2020 which is the US National Stage under 35 USC § 371 ofInternational Application No. PCT/SE2018/050771, filed 17 Jul. 2018which claims priority to Swedish Application Nos. 1750942-3 and1751339-1 filed 17 Jul. 2017 and 30 Oct. 2017, respectively, all ofwhich are incorporated herein by reference.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates generally to the field of industrialautomation, and more particularly, it relates to a method and computerprogram for configuring an industrial automation system forinternet-of-things accessibility.

BACKGROUND

Industrial automation is the use of various control systems, such ascomputers or robots, and information technologies for operating andcontrolling equipment such as industrial processes in factories,vehicles, ships, aircrafts, and other applications without significanthuman intervention. Industrial automation facilitates to increase theproduct quality, accuracy, precision, reliability and production ratewhile reducing production and design cost. Since the automation reducesthe human involvement, the possibility of human errors also decreases.

The automatic operation and control of industrial processes involve theuse of automatic control devices including PLCs (programmable logiccontrollers), PACs (programmable automation controllers), PCs, etc., andtechnologies include various industrial communication systems.

Although industrial automation may be associated with a high initialcost, it saves the monthly wages of the workers which leads tosubstantial cost savings for the companies. The maintenance costassociated with machinery used for industrial automation is less becauseit does not often fail.

Industrial automation systems can be very complex, including a largenumber of devices working in synchronization with automationtechnologies. As the level of automation increases, process controlbecome more complicated. Currently, the control logic of programmablelogic controllers (PLC) is usually programmed using a ladder diagram(LD) or functional block diagram (FBD) or structured text (ST) supportedby the IEC 61131-3 standard. Designing and implementing complexindustrial automation systems involves extensive PLC programming.Logical errors introduced by human errors of the PLC programmers maydelay delivery and start-up of the industrial automation system due todebugging. In addition to a time consuming programming phase involvingextensive programming resources, logical errors introduced by humanerrors may cause fatal consequences during the operation of theindustrial automation system. For example, an erroneous alarm signal maybe generated in response to a sensor signal based on real timeparameters like temperature, pressure, level etc or not occur at all, ora controller may generate incorrect electrical signals to control theprocesses, including pneumatic actuators, relays, DC motors etcresulting in reduced product quality, accuracy, precision, reliabilityand/or production rate.

HMI (Human Machine Interface) panels provide the means by which processoperators interact with the PLC control system for monitoring and/orsetting various parameters like temperature, pressure, flow, level, etcof the process.

There is a need to provide convenient access to the components, data andstatuses of industrial automation systems for persons and devices notbeing within the physical premises of the industrial automation systems,or even being remote therefrom.

SUMMARY

It is an object of the present disclosure to obviate at least some ofthe above disadvantages and to provide an improved method of configuringan industrial automation system to provide internet-of-thingsaccessibility.

According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, this is achievedby a method of configuring an industrial automation system forinternet-of-things accessibility. The industrial automation system has asystem hierarchy including (without limitation, and in any number)low-level devices like sensors and actuators, automation devices likePLC (Programmable Logic Controller) devices, robots and CNC (ComputerNumerical Control) machines, and supervision and production controldevices like HMI (Human Machine Interface) devices, general-purposecomputers and special purpose computers. The method comprises:

a) receiving, at a computing device, a first user input indicative of afunctional object representing one or more of said low-level devices,and/or one or more of said automation devices, and/or one or more ofsaid supervising and production control devices in the industrialautomation system;

b) receiving, at the computing device, a second user input indicative ofa cloud object representing a cloud service provider being external tothe industrial automation system;

c) receiving, at the computing device, a third user input indicative ofa user terminal object representing a user terminal device beingexternal to the automation system; and

d) causing, by the computing device, the cloud service provider toenable communication between the user terminal device and at least oneof the devices in the industrial automation system as represented by thefunctional object via the cloud service provider.

Hence, internet-of-things accessibility is made available for theindustrial automation system.

The functionalities in steps a), b), c) and d) above do not have to beperformed in the order listed above.

In a preferred embodiment, the functional object, the cloud object andthe user terminal object are selectable objects in an automation systemconfiguration program executed on or by the computing device. Even morepreferably, the functional object, the cloud object and the userterminal object are selectable objects which may be dragged by a userfrom a selection area and dropped onto a workspace or canvas area of theautomation system configuration program.

In a preferred embodiment, the method involves:

e) presenting, at the computing device, a plurality of variables (a.k.a.tags) for said at least one of the devices in the industrial automationsystem as represented by the functional object;

f) receiving, at the computing device, a fourth user input indicative ofa selected variable among said plurality of variables; and

g) causing, by the computing device, said at least one of the devices inthe industrial automation system as represented by the functional objectto make the selected variable accessible to the user terminal device.

Even more preferably, the fourth user input in step f) may further beindicative of whether the selected variable is to be made accessible tothe user terminal device as:

-   -   a unidirectional variable value being readable by the user        terminal device,    -   a unidirectional variable value being settable by the user        terminal device, or    -   a bidirectional variable value being both readable and settable        by the user terminal device.

In one embodiment, the aforementioned automation system configurationprogram, which is executed on or by the computing device, iscommunicatively connected with a HMI tool and/or a PLC tool and/or acloud tool being installed in or accessible by the computing device. TheHMI tool is a configuration program for supervision and productioncontrol devices in the industrial automation system. The PLC tool is aconfiguration program for automation devices in the industrialautomation system.

The aforementioned automation system configuration program may executestep d) and/or g) by invoking functionality in the HMI tool and/or PLCtool and/or cloud tool which will then communicate with the cloudservice provider via an Application Programming Interface (API) orsimilar to enable communication between said at least one of the devicesin the industrial automation system as represented by the functionalobject and the user terminal device, as well as to make the selectedvariable communicatively accessible between these devices. Thecommunication between the HMI tool and/or PLC tool and the cloud serviceprovider may, for instance, occur in accordance with a protocol likeMQTT, AMQP or OPC UA.

The cloud service provider and said at least one of the devices in theindustrial automation system may be configured for communication witheach other during runtime using an IP address.

The cloud service provider (or alternatively the automation systemconfiguration program, the HMI tool and/or the PLC tool) may furthergenerate web application program code, such as HTML5, to be read andperformed by (a web browser of) the user terminal device in order tocommunicate with said at least one of the devices in the industrialautomation system as represented by the functional object.

The cloud service provider may moreover generate and/or administrate alink to the generated web application program code, and provide the linkto the user terminal device. The user terminal device may use the linkto retrieve the generated web application program code. In oneembodiment, the link is embedded in a computer readable graphic code,such as a QR code or similar, which is provided to the user terminaldevice.

In a preferred embodiment, the method involves:

h) providing, at the computing device, a dashboard editor,

i) receiving, at the computing device, a fifth user input indicative ofa selected visualization of the selected variable which is to be madeaccessible to the user terminal device, and

j) causing, by the computing device, the cloud service provider (oralternatively the automation system configuration program, the HMI tooland/or the PLC tool) to implement the selected visualization in the webapplication program code to be read and performed by (the web browserof) the user terminal device.

The visualization may, for instance and without limitation, be agraphical meter, diagram, chart, numerical indication, symbol, icon,etc.

The user terminal may generally be any suitable computing device,including but not limited to a mobile communication terminal (e.g. smartphone), tablet computer, portable computer, etc.

According to a second aspect, a computer program comprises programinstructions for causing a computer to perform the method of configuringan industrial automation system according to the first aspect, when theprogram is run on a computer.

In some embodiments, the computer program is provided on a carrier andcomprises computer executable instructions for causing a computer toperform the method of configuring an industrial automation system asdescribed herein, when said program is run on the computer.

In some embodiments, the carrier is a record medium, computer memory,read-only memory, computer-readable medium or an electrical carriersignal.

According to a third aspect, a computer program product comprises acomputer-readable medium, having thereon computer program code means,when said computer program product is loaded, to make a computer executethe method of configuring an industrial automation system according tothe first aspect.

It should be emphasized that the term “comprises/comprising” when usedin this specification is taken to specify the presence of statedfeatures, integers, steps, or components, but does not preclude thepresence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps,components, or groups thereof. All terms used in the claims are to beinterpreted according to their ordinary meaning in the technical field,unless explicitly defined otherwise herein. All references to “a/an/the[element, device, component, means, step, etc]” are to be interpretedopenly as referring to at least one instance of the element, device,component, means, step, etc., unless explicitly stated otherwise. Thesteps of any method disclosed herein do not have to be performed in theexact order disclosed, unless explicitly stated.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Further objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure willappear from the following detailed description of embodiments, referencebeing made to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic block and signal diagram illustrating novel andinventive configuration of an industrial automation system according tothe present disclosure for internet-of-things accessibility.

FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram illustrating an example industrialautomation system topology.

FIG. 3A is a schematic block diagram of a computer implemented setup forconfiguration of an industrial automation system according to anembodiment.

FIG. 3B is a schematic block diagram of a computing device used in thecomputer implemented setup in FIG. 3A.

FIG. 4A is a flowchart of a method of configuring an industrialautomation system for internet-of-things accessibility according to theaforementioned first aspect of the present disclosure.

FIG. 4B is a flowchart of a method of configuring an industrialautomation system according to an embodiment.

FIG. 4C is a flowchart of a method of configuring an industrialautomation system according to an embodiment.

FIG. 5 shows a schematic view of a computer-readable medium implementingthe method of configuring an industrial automation system according toan embodiment.

FIGS. 6-16 are example depictions of a configuration screen interfaceused by a configuration user of the aforementioned computing device toconfigure an industrial automation system in accordance with theaforementioned method and embodiments thereof.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

Embodiments of the invention will now be described with reference to theaccompanying drawings. The invention may, however, be embodied in manydifferent forms and should not be construed as limited to theembodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided sothat this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fullyconvey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. Theterminology used in the detailed description of the particularembodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings is not intended tobe limiting of the invention. In the drawings, like numbers refer tolike elements.

Reference is made to FIG. 1 which illustrates how an industrialautomation system 1 may be configured in order to provideinternet-of-things accessibility to the industrial automation system forpersons and devices not being within the physical premises of theindustrial automation system, or even being remote from it.

An example of such an industrial automation system 1 is shown in FIG. 2. The industrial automation system 1 comprises different hierarchicallevels forming a hierarchical arrangement of the industrial automationsystem.

The lowest level of the automation hierarchy includes low-level devices10 like sensors 11, 12 and actuators 13, 14, 15. The sensors may be, butis not limited to, flowmeters, temperature sensors, photo-diodes,thermistors, proximity sensors, etc. The sensors 11, 12 are configuredto detect events or changes, such as temperature, light, pressure, flow,level, etc., in the environment of the industrial automation system 1and convert these real time parameters into electrical signals formingdata of processes and machines to be transferred to the next higherlevel, i.e. the control level for monitoring and analysis. Theenvironment may be, but is not limited to, industrial processes infactories, vehicles, ships, aircraft, and other applications.

The control level of the automation hierarchy may include, but is notlimited to, various automation devices 20 like PLC (Programmable LogicController) devices 21, 22, robots 23 and CNC (Computer NumericalControl) machines 24 etc., which acquire the process parameters from thevarious sensors. The automatic controllers of the various automationdevices drive the actuators on the lowest level based on the processedsensor signals and control programs. The actuators may be, but are notlimited to, relays 13, control valves 14, DC/servo motors 15, pneumaticactuators, etc., configured to convert the electrical signals from thecontrollers of the automation devices 21, 22, 23, 24 into mechanicalmeans to control the processes.

The PLCs are robust industrial controllers configured to deliverautomatic control functions to the actuators based on input from thesensors. A PLC device may comprise, but is not limited to, a centralprocessing unit (CPU/Controller) or microprocessor, memory/storage,input and output (I/O) units (analog and digital) and communicationmodules for wired and/or wireless communication. The PLC device allowsthe operator to program control functions to perform automatic operationon the process.

The next level above the control level in the automation hierarchy isthe supervision and production control level, which comprisessupervising and production control devices 30. In this level, PCs(Personal Computers) 31 or special purpose computers 32 and monitoringsystem 33, such as Human Machine Interface (HMI) devices, are providedfor supervising and setting various parameters, logging data about theprocess, etc.

The top level of the industrial automation hierarchy is the informationor enterprise level 40, which may comprise computer systems 41 formanaging the overall industrial automation system, including but notlimited to commercial activities such as production planning, customerand market analysis, orders and sales, etc.

Referring back to FIG. 1 , the industrial automation system 1 is shownin a more compact form, comprising different low-level devices 10,automation devices 20 and supervising and production control devices 30in any number. A user 5 may use a computing device 101 to configure theindustrial automation system 1 for internet-of-things (IoT)accessibility in accordance with a method 400 which is illustrated byway of a flowchart in FIG. 4A.

As seen at a) in FIG. 1 , the IoT accessibility configuration involvesreceiving, at a computing device 101, a first user input indicative of afunctional object 70 representing one or more of the low-level devices10, and/or one or more of the automation devices 20, and/or one or moreof the supervising and production control devices 30 in the industrialautomation system 1. The first user input is typically provided by theuser 5. This corresponds to step 410 in FIG. 4A.

Then, as seen at b) in FIG. 1 , the IoT accessibility configurationinvolves receiving, at the computing device 101, a second user inputindicative of a cloud object 72 representing a cloud service provider 3being external to the industrial automation system 1. Again, the seconduser input is typically provided by the user 5. This corresponds to step420 in FIG. 4A.

Following this, as seen at c) in FIG. 1 , the IoT accessibilityconfiguration involves receiving, at the computing device 101, a thirduser input indicative of a user terminal object 74 representing a userterminal device 4 being external to the industrial automation system 1.Like the first and second user inputs, the third user input is typicallyprovided by the user 5. This corresponds to step 430 in FIG. 4A.

As a result of steps a)-c)/410-430, the IoT accessibility configurationthen involves causing, by the computing device 101, the cloud serviceprovider 3 to enable communication between the user terminal device 4and at least one of the devices 10, 20, 30 in the industrial automationsystem 1 as represented by the functional object 70 via the cloudservice provider 3. Such at least one device among the devices 10, 20,30 is indicated as device 2 in FIG. 1 . This corresponds to step 440 inFIG. 4A.

Having been configured for IoT accessibility in this manner, the userterminal device 4 and the aforesaid least one device 2 of the devices10, 20, 30 in the industrial automation system 1 may then communicateover a communication network 7, such as a TCP/IP-based WAN (Wide AreaNetwork), which may be the Internet or part of it. This is seen at e) inFIG. 1 . By such communication e) a user 6 of the user terminal device 4may, for instance, monitor the aforesaid least one device 2 of thedevices 10, 20, 30 in the industrial automation system 1, and/orinteract with it, even though the user 6 is not physically at the siteof the industrial automation system 1.

As seen in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the computing device 101 typically comprisesa central processing unit or microprocessor 105 operatively connected tointernal memory 106, including at least RAM and ROM. It also typicallycomprises input devices such as a mouse 103 and keyboard 104, outputdevices such as a display 102, and a non-volatile storage device 107such as a hard disk drive and/or a solid state drive (SSD), etc. Inaddition, the computing device 101 typically comprises at least onenetwork interface 108 to enable network communication with thecommunication network 7 and an industrial network 165 of the industrialautomation system 1. The computing device 101 may typically be a desktopcomputer or laptop computer, or alternatively a tablet computer, mobilephone or personal digital assistant.

The cloud service provider 3 may typically comprise a server computer, acluster of such server computers, or a cloud computing resource orservice. The cloud service provider 3 may be a public cloud serviceprovider or a private cloud service provider. There may be additionalcloud service providers (each being public or private), as seen at 3′and 3″ in FIG. 1 .

The user terminal device 4 may typically comprise a mobile phone, tabletcomputer, personal digital assistant, laptop computer, desktop computer,etc. It may access the communication network 7 by wireless communicationin compliance with for instance WCDMA, HSPA, GSM, UTRAN, UMTS, LTE orLTE Advanced, or alternatively by wired data communication based, forinstance, on TCP/IP.

FIG. 3A is a schematic block diagram of a computer implemented setup forconfiguration of the industrial industrial automation system 1 by thecomputing device 101. The setup comprises an automation systemconfiguration program 120 which is executed on or by the computingdevice 101. The setup also comprises an HMI tool 130, a PLC tool 140, acloud tool 142 and a dashboard tool 144.

The HMI tool 130 is a computer implemented software platform configuredand used for designing HMI (Human Machine Interface) devices to enableinteractions between humans (operator or user) and the devices andmachines in the industrial automation system 1. The interaction by meansof the HMI allows for effective operation and control of the machinefrom the human end, whilst the machine simultaneously feeds backinformation to the operator for decision-making. The HMI (Human MachineInterface) devices provide the means by which process operators interactwith the PLC control system for monitoring and/or setting variousparameters like temperature, pressure, flow, level, etc of the process.The HMI tool 130 may be, but is not limited to, the iX Developer Tool™provided by Beijer Electronics AB.

The PLC tool 140 is a computer implemented software platform forindustrial automation technology for creating programmable andconfigurable automation components. The PLC tool 140 may be, but is notlimited to, the CODESYS™ Development System, being an IEC 61131-3programming tool provided by 3S-Smart Software Solutions GmbH. This toolcovers project engineering, programming, operation on workstations, aswell as execution, debugging of application code on the controller ordrive, and evaluation of field devices.

The cloud tool 142 may be used for creating and editing cloud objects(including cloud object 72) and also for communicating with the serviceprovider 3 to configure, initiate or control the establishment of thecommunication between the user terminal device 4 and said at least onedevice 2 among the devices 10, 20, 30 in the industrial automationsystem 1 (as represented by the functional object (70)) via the cloudservice provider 3.

The dashboard tool 144 may include a dashboard editor 1510 which will bedescribed later with reference to FIGS. 14 and 15A-15F.

The automation system configuration program 120 is a computerimplemented software platform for configuring of industrial automationsystems, including industrial automation system 1. As is well recognizedin the technical field, industrial automation systems can be verycomplex, including a large number of devices working in synchronizationwith automation technologies. The industrial automation system 1 seen inFIG. 3A is an illustrative example of an industrial automation systemwhich includes a few modules and is not intended to limit the scope ofthe claimed invention. The display 102 of the computing device 101 showsa virtual industrial automation system 100′ representing a real worldimplementation of the industrial automation system 1, includingdifferent physical devices. The virtual industrial automation system100′ is created and configured by means of the HMI tool 130 operating inresponse to the user's 5 interaction with the HMI tool through the userinterface of the computing device 101 which includes the display 102,the mouse 103 and keyboard 104. The virtual industrial automation system100′ may be a soft control project in this embodiment.

One or more components may be selected from a product catalog 126including software components defining different selectable devicesstored in the storage 107 of the computing device 101. The user 5 maysearch and filter for a specific item or just pick one in a product list126′ representing the product catalog 126 on the display 102.

A device, for example a soft control device 150, is represented by avirtual soft control component 150′ in the virtual industrial automationsystem 100′, which is selected from the product list 126′ by drag anddrop, to the workspace forming the virtual industrial automation system100′, as is illustrated by a curved arrow 127.

Hence, as a non-limiting but illustrative example, the soft controlproject 100′ may be created by drag and drop of the soft controlcomponent 150′, first and second virtual distributed I/O components 151′and 152′, representing first and second distributed I/O devices 151 and152, and an inverter component (BFI1) 160′ from the product list 126′representing a inverter device (BFI1) 160 to be connected to forexample, but not limited to, EtherCAT and Modbus TCP.

An advantageous feature in this regard is the user's 5 use (andoptionally creation) of functional objects. It is recalled from thedescription above with reference to FIG. 1 that a functional object 70represents one or more of the low-level devices 10, and/or one or moreof the automation devices 20, and/or one or more of the supervising andproduction control devices 30 in the industrial automation system 1. Tothis end, a functional object 70 may include, but is not limited to,ready-made, embedded functionality such as PLC code, HMI screens, Tags,Alarms and even C# scripting. A functional object may be stored in thestorage 107 in a set of available functional objects 170 (or as part ofthe product catalog 126) and be selectable from the product list 126′ bydragging it into the workspace 100′ and just dropping it on a device.All embedded code is then injected into the targeted devices. Forexample, the user 5 may drag the functional object from the product list126′ and drop it on the SoftControll component 150′ or invertercomponent 160′ in the workspace 100′ to add the new functionality.

In this example, the functional object 70 will add on both PLC and HMIapplication parts to the Inverter component 160′. As an example,function blocks, program code and global variables of CODESYS areconnected to tags and a screen in the iX Developer application.

The above notwithstanding, it is to be emphasized that the meaning ofthe term “functional object” in this disclosure shall be considered tomean a software object capable of representing at least one device in anindustrial automation system, this being the only limitation.

Correspondingly, just like the functional object 70, the cloud object 72and the user terminal object 74 referred to above for FIG. 1 and FIG. 4Aare advantageously selectable objects 172, 174 in the automation systemconfiguration program 120. More specifically, and as is seen in moredetail in FIGS. 7, 9 and 13 , the functional object 70, the cloud object72 and the user terminal object 74 are advantageously selectable objects170/714, 172/914, 174/1314 which may be dragged 718, 918, 1318 by theuser 5 from a selection area 710, 910, 1310 and dropped onto a workspaceor canvas area 720, 920, 1320 of the automation system configurationprogram 120.

The IoT accessibility configuration as described above for FIG. 1 andFIG. 4A advantageously further comprises e) presenting, at the computingdevice (101), a plurality of variables, or tags, for said at least onedevice 2 of the devices 10, 20, 30 in the industrial automation system 1as represented by the functional object 70. This is seen at 432 in FIG.4B. An example is also seen in FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 , see for instance1032 in FIGS. 10 and 1132 in FIG. 11 .

The variables, or tags, of each such device 2 may represent physicalparameters such as temperature, voltage, current, pressure, torque,movement angle, fill level, etc, possibly read by sensor elementsincluded in or connected to the device 2. The variables, or tags, ofeach such device 2 may represent actual values or set values of acontrol process that the device 2 is involved in. Furthermore, thevariables, or tags, of each such device 2 may represent logicalparameters such as error signals, alarm conditions, on and off commands,etc.

Beneficially, the IoT accessibility configuration moreover furthercomprises f) receiving, at the computing device 101, a fourth user inputindicative of a selected variable among said plurality of variables.This is seen at 433 in FIG. 4B. Also see 1134 in FIG. 11 .

Moreover, the IoT accessibility configuration may further comprise g)causing, by the computing device (101), said at least one device 2 ofthe devices 10, 20, 30 in the industrial automation system 1 asrepresented by the functional object 70 to make the selected variableaccessible to the user terminal device 4. This is seen at 434 in FIG.4B.

Advantageously, the fourth user input in step f) is further indicativeof whether the selected variable is to be made accessible to the userterminal device 4 as:

-   -   a unidirectional variable value being readable by the user        terminal device 4,    -   a unidirectional variable value being settable by the user        terminal device 4, or    -   a bidirectional variable value being both readable and settable        by the user terminal device 4. See 1136 in FIG. 11 .

As is understood from FIG. 3A, the automation system configurationprogram 120 is communicatively connected with the HMI tool 130 and(possibly or) the PLC tool 140 which are installed in or accessible bythe computing device 101. It is recalled that the HMI tool 130 is aconfiguration program for the supervision and production control devices30 in the industrial automation system 1, whereas the PLC tool 140 is aconfiguration program for the automation devices 20 in the industrialautomation system 1.

The automation system configuration program 120 may execute theaforementioned step d) in FIG. 1 (step 440 in FIG. 4A) by invokingfunctionality in the HMI tool 130 and/or the PLC tool 140 and/or thecloud tool 142 to communicate with the cloud service provider 3 toenable said communication between said at least one device 2 of thedevices 10, 20, 30 in the industrial automation system 1 and the userterminal device 4.

Correspondingly, the automation system configuration program 120 mayexecute the aforementioned step g) (step 434 in FIG. 4B) by invokingfunctionality in the HMI tool 130 and/or the PLC tool 140 and/or thecloud tool 142 to communicate with the cloud service provider 3 to makethe selected variable communicatively accessible between said at leastone device 2 of the devices 10, 20, 30 in the industrial automationsystem 1 and the user terminal device 4.

In one embodiment, the above involves the following. The cloud serviceprovider 3 has a database 3 a or similar storage and stores thereininformation regarding the variable or variables of the device 2 whichhave been selected by the user 5 for IoT accessibility by the userterminal device 4. The cloud service provider 3 may also store a definedperiodicity or other time scheme for the reporting of the selectedvariable or variables by the device 2 to the service provider 3. Suchperiodicity or time scheme may have been configured by the user 5 usingthe automation system configuration program 120 or cloud tool 142.

The device 2 may be provided with a default IP address which causes thedevice 2, for instance at next boot, to contact the cloud serviceprovider 3 and retrieve information about the selected variable orvariables, as well as the defined periodicity or time scheme. The device2 may also retrieve an IP address (the default IP address or a differentIP address) for future use when communicating with the cloud serviceprovider 3 during runtime.

During runtime, the device 2 will communicate with the cloud serviceprovider 3 at the defined periodicity or time scheme to report thecurrent values of the selected variable or variables. The cloud serviceprovider 3 will store the received current variable value or values inits database 3 a or similar storage. The user terminal device 4 mayretrieve the stored current variable value or values from the cloudservice provider 3. This applies to variables which are bidirectional orunidirectionally readable by the user terminal device 4.

For variables which are bidirectional or unidirectionally settable bythe user terminal device 4, the user terminal device 4 may providechanges to any of these variables to the cloud service provider 3, whichwill store a changed variable value in its database 3 a or similarstorage. When the device 2 communicates with the cloud service provider3 at the defined periodicity or time scheme during runtime, the device 2may retrieve the changed variable value from the cloud service provider3 and update its local variable accordingly.

The aforementioned step d) in FIG. 1 (step 440 in FIG. 4A) may comprisegenerating web application program code to be read and performed by theuser terminal device 4 in order to communicate with said at least onedevice 2 of the devices 10, 20, 30 in the industrial automation system1. The generation of the web application program code may be done by thedashboard tool 144 of the automation system configuration program 120.

The generation of the web application program code may also involvegenerating and/or administrating a link to the generated web applicationprogram code, and providing the link to the user terminal device 4.Examples are seen in FIG. 15E and FIG. 15F. Hence, the link may bepresented as a text 1528 or alternatively be encoded in amachine-readable graphical code, such as a QR code 1532.

The user terminal device 4 may use the link to retrieve the generatedweb application program code. This may for instance be done by the user6 by copying (see button 1530 in FIG. 15E) the link text 1528 into a webbrowser of the user terminal device 4. Alternatively, it may be done byscanning the QR code 1532 by a QR code reader program in the userterminal device 4, wherein the decoded link to the web applicationprogram code may be provided by the QR code reader program to the webbrowser of the user terminal device 4.

During runtime, the user terminal device 4 performs the web applicationprogram code, and variable values as stored in the database 3 a orsimilar storage of the cloud service provider 3 will be retrieved fromthe cloud service provider 3 for presentation to the user 6 (forbidirectional and unidirectionally readable variables), or set by theuser 6 and provided to the cloud service provider 3 to be stored aschanged variable values in the database 3 a or similar storage of thecloud service provider 3 (for bidirectional and unidirectionallysettable variables).

The communication between the device 2 and the cloud service provider 3may, in addition to the IP address, be based on a data encryptioncertificate or similar, thereby enhancing the data integrity. Thecommunication between the user terminal device 4 and the cloud serviceprovider 3 during runtime may be based on http or a similar webprotocol, and the user terminal device 4 may access the cloud serviceprovider 3 over a web interface or similar (i.e. by visiting an url oruri address).

In summary, therefore, an additional inventive aspect (being a part ofthe other inventive aspects as described herein, or being an inventionof its own) can be seen as a method including the following activitiesoccurring at run-time:

-   -   When the selected variable is a bidirectional variable or a        unidirectional variable value being readable by the user        terminal device 4, said at least one device 2 of the devices 10,        20, 30 in the industrial automation system 1 communicates with        the cloud service provider 3 at a defined periodicity or time        scheme to report a current value of the selected variable. The        cloud service provider 3 receives the reported current value and        stores it in its database 3 a or similar storage.    -   When the selected variable is a bidirectional variable or a        unidirectional variable value being settable by the user        terminal device 4, said at least one device 2 of the devices 10,        20, 30 in the industrial automation system 1 communicates with        the cloud service provider 3 at the defined periodicity or time        scheme to retrieve a value of the selected variable as changed        by the user terminal device 4 and stored by the cloud service        provider 3 in its database 3 a or similar storage.    -   The user terminal device 4 communicates with the cloud service        provider 3 to retrieve the stored variable value from the        database 3 a or similar storage and to provide a changed        variable value to be stored in the database 3 a or similar        storage, respectively.

Hence, no communication occurs directly between the device 2 and theuser terminal device 4.

There are no particular limitation in the defined periodicity or timescheme. The communication of variable values between the device 2 to thecloud service provider 3 may occur seldom or often, or even almost inreal-time as soon as the variable value changes at the device 2 or atthe user terminal device 4.

One embodiment, which is illustrated in FIG. 4C as well as in FIG. 14 ,FIG. 15A and FIG. 15B, involves the provision of the aforementioneddashboard editor (see 1510 in FIG. 15A and FIG. 15B), being part of thedashboard tool 144, to allow visualization of the variables of thedevice 2 to the user terminal device 4. Hence, the IoT accessibilityconfiguration as described herein may advantageously further comprise:

h) providing a dashboard editor 1510 at the computing device 101 (see435 in FIG. 4C),

i) receiving at the computing device 101 a fifth user input indicativeof a selected visualization of the selected variable which is to be madeaccessible to the user terminal device 4 (see 436 in FIG. 4C, also seeselection 1516 in FIG. 15B), and

j) causing by the computing device 101 implementation of the selectedvisualization in the web application program code to be read andperformed by the user terminal device 4 (see 436 in FIG. 4C, also see1518 in FIG. 15B).

As can be seen at 1512 in FIG. 15B, the visualization may for instancebe one or more of a graphical meter 1518, a diagram, a chart, anumerical indication, a symbol, and an icon.

FIGS. 6-16 are example depictions of a configuration screen interfaceused by the user 5 of the aforementioned computing device 101 toconfigure the industrial automation system 1 in accordance with theaforementioned method for providing IoT accessibility.

FIG. 6 illustrates how the user 5 may create a new project in theautomation system configuration program 120. The automation systemconfiguration program 120 has a product catalog view 610 and a workspace620. The product catalog view 610 shows a plurality of devices 612, andthe user 5 may add a device 614 by dragging it as seen at 618 to theworkspace 620, wherein the added device will be seen at 622 in theworkspace 620, and also at 616.

FIG. 7 illustrates how the user 5 may add a functional object 70, herein the form of a pump station 714, to the created project. See step a)in FIG. 1 and step 410 in FIG. 4A. This involves the user 5 selectingthe functional object 70/714 from a list 712 in the product catalog view710 and dragging it onto the workspace 720 in the automation systemconfiguration program 120, as seen at 718. Details of the functionalobject 70/714 are shown at 716, 722 and 724.

In FIG. 8 , the user 5 generates an HMI project in the HMI tool 130based on the created project in the automation system configurationprogram 120. As a result, the generated HMI project will comprise a pumpstation object 810, 820.

FIG. 9 illustrates step b) in FIG. 1 and step 420 in FIG. 4A. The user 5chooses a cloud object 72/914 from a list 912 in the product catalogview 910, and drags it onto the workspace 920 in the automation systemconfiguration program 120, as seen at 918. Details of the added cloudobject 72/914 are shown at 916, 922, 924 and 926.

FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 have already been referred to. FIG. 10 illustrateshow the user 5 may click 1018, 1019 on a connection 1017 between thefunctional object 70/1014 and the cloud object 72/1014′ in the workspace1020 of the automation system configuration program 120. As a result, atelemetry window 1030 will show the global variables (tags) 1032 of thefunctional object 70/1014 in a telemetry view 1030. Then, as seen inFIG. 11 , the user 5 may choose one of the global variables in the list1132 and configure it as a unidirectional variable value being readableby the user terminal device 4, a unidirectional variable value beingsettable by the user terminal device 4, or a bidirectional variablevalue being both readable and settable by the user terminal device 4.See 1136 in FIG. 11 .

In FIG. 12 , the user 5 may command the automation system configurationprogram 120 to cause insertion of the configured global variables intothe generated HMI project. Additionally or alternatively, the automationsystem configuration program 120 will communicate with the cloud serviceprovider 3 to inform about the configured global variables.

FIG. 13 illustrates step c) in FIG. 1 and step 430 in FIG. 4A. The user5 chooses a user terminal object 74/1314 from a list 1312 in the productcatalog view 1310, and drags it onto the workspace 1320 in theautomation system configuration program 120, as seen at 1318. Details ofthe added user terminal object 74/1314 are shown at 1316, 1322 and 1326.

FIG. 14 illustrates how the user 5 chooses the aforementioned dashboardeditor, see 1418, by for instance right-clicking on the user terminalobject 74/1314 from FIG. 13 . As a result, the dashboard editor opens ina separate view 1510, as seen in FIG. 15A and FIG. 15B which havealready been discussed above.

In FIG. 15C, the user 5 may save the project, see 1510 and 1522. Theproject may then be uploaded to the cloud service provider 3, as seen at1524 in FIG. 15D.

FIG. 15E and FIG. 15F have already been discussed and show differentexemplary forms of links 1528, 1532 for the generated web applicationprogram code which is to be read and performed by the user terminaldevice 4 (for instance in a web browser thereof) in order to communicatewith said at least one device 2 of the devices 10, 20, 30 in theindustrial automation system 1.

FIG. 16 illustrates a more advanced IoT configuration, involving severaldevices 1610, 1612, 1614, 1616 represented by respective functionalobjects 70, several local as well as public cloud providers 1620, 1622,1624, and several user terminal devices 1630, 1632, 1634.

FIG. 5 shows a schematic view of a computer-readable medium as describedabove. The computer-readable medium 500 is in this embodiment a memorystick, such as a Universal Serial Bus (USB) stick. The USB stick 500comprises a housing 501 having an interface, such as a connector 502,and a memory chip 503. The memory chip 503 is a flash memory, that is, anon-volatile data storage that can be electrically erased andre-programmed. The memory chip 503 is programmed with instructions 504that when loaded (possibly via the interface 502) into a controller suchas a processor of the computing device 101, for example a PC or specialpurpose computer, executes a method or procedure according to theembodiments disclosed above. The USB stick is arranged to be connectedto and read by a reading device, such as the computing device 101, forloading the instructions into the controller. It should be noted that acomputer-readable medium can also be other media such as compact discs,digital video discs, hard drives or other memory technologies commonlyused. The instructions can also be downloaded from the computer-readablemedium via a wireless interface to be loaded into the controller.

Thus, the present technology may be embodied as a method in a device orsystem with a computer program product. Accordingly, the presenttechnology may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, or anembodiment combining software and hardware aspects all generallyreferred to herein as a device. Furthermore, the software of the presenttechnology may take the form of a computer program product. The computerprogram product may be stored on a computer-usable storage medium havingcomputer-usable program code embodied in the medium. The embodiments ofthis disclosure described with reference to the drawings comprise acomputer apparatus and processes performed in the computer apparatus.The program may be in the form of source code, object code a codesuitable for use in the implementation of the method. The carrier can beany entity or device capable of carrying the program. For example thecarrier may be a record medium, computer memory, read-only memory,computer-readable medium or an electrical carrier signal. Embodimentsaccording to the technology may be carried out when the computer programproduct is loaded and run in a system or device having computercapabilities, e.g. the computing device 101.

The technology of this disclosure has been described herein withreference to embodiments. However, a person skilled in the art wouldrecognize numerous variations to the described embodiments that wouldstill fall within the scope of the technology. Functional blocksdescribed herein as one unit may be split into two or more units. In thesame manner, functional blocks that are described herein as beingimplemented as two or more units may be implemented as a single unitwithout departing from the scope of the invention.

Embodiments of the present disclosure have been described herein withreference to flowchart and/or block diagrams. It will be understood thatsome or all of the illustrated blocks may be implemented by computerprogram instructions. These computer program instructions may beprovided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purposecomputer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce amachine, such that the instructions when executed create means forimplementing the functions/acts specified in the flowchart otherwisedescribed.

It is to be understood that the functions/acts noted in the flowchartmay occur out of the order noted in the operational illustrations. Forexample, two blocks shown in succession may in fact be executedsubstantially concurrently or the blocks may sometimes be executed inthe reverse order, depending upon the functionality/acts involved.

A computer program product may comprise computer program code portionsfor executing the method, as described in the description and theclaims, for providing control data when the computer program codeportions are run by an electronic device having computer capabilities,e.g. the computing device 101.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method of configuring an industrial automationsystem for internet-of-things accessibility, the industrial automationsystem having a system hierarchy including low-level devices, automationdevices and supervision and production control devices, the methodcomprising: a) receiving, at a computing device, a first user inputindicative of a functional object representing one or more of saidlow-level devices, and/or one or more of said automation devices, and/orone or more of said supervising and production control devices in theindustrial automation system; b) receiving, at the computing device, asecond user input indicative of a cloud object representing a cloudservice provider being external to the industrial automation system; c)receiving, at the computing device, a third user input indicative of auser terminal object representing a user terminal device, said userterminal device being different from said computing device, beingexternal to the industrial automation system and having no prioraccessibility to the industrial automation system; and d) causing, bythe computing device, the cloud service provider to enable communicationbetween the user terminal device and at least one of the devices in theindustrial automation system as represented by the functional object viathe cloud service provider.
 2. The method as defined in claim 1,wherein: the low-level devices comprise sensors and actuators, theautomation devices comprise one or more of Programmable Logic Controller(PLC) devices, robots and Computer Numerical Control, CNC, machines, andthe supervision and production control devices comprise one or more ofHuman Machine Interface (HMI) devices, general-purpose computers andspecial purpose computers.
 3. The method as defined in claim 1, whereinthe functional object, the cloud object and the user terminal object areselectable objects in an automation system configuration programexecuted on or by the computing device.
 4. The method as defined inclaim 3, wherein the functional object, the cloud object and the userterminal object are selectable objects which may be dragged by a userfrom a selection area and dropped onto a workspace or canvas area of theautomation system configuration program.
 5. The method as defined inclaim 1, further comprising: e) presenting, at the computing device, aplurality of variables for said at least one of the devices in theindustrial automation system as represented by the functional object; f)receiving, at the computing device, a fourth user input indicative of aselected variable among said plurality of variables; and g) causing, bythe computing device, said at least one of the devices in the industrialautomation system as represented by the functional object to make theselected variable accessible to the user terminal device.
 6. The methodas defined in claim 5, wherein the fourth user input in step f) isfurther indicative of whether the selected variable is to be madeaccessible to the user terminal device as: a unidirectional variablevalue being readable by the user terminal device, a unidirectionalvariable value being settable by the user terminal device, or abidirectional variable value being both readable and settable by theuser terminal device.
 7. The method as defined in claim 3, saidautomation system configuration program being communicatively connectedwith an HMI tool and/or a PLC tool and/or a cloud tool being installedin or accessible by the computing device, wherein the HMI tool is aconfiguration program for supervision and production control devices inthe industrial automation system, and wherein the PLC tool is aconfiguration program for automation devices in the industrialautomation system.
 8. The method as defined in claim 7, furthercomprising the automation system configuration program executing step d)by invoking functionality in the HMI tool and/or PLC tool and/or cloudtool to communicate with the cloud service provider to enable saidcommunication between said at least one of the devices in the industrialautomation system and the user terminal device.
 9. The method as definedin claim 7 and further comprising: e) presenting, at the computingdevice, a plurality of variables for said at least one of the devices inthe industrial automation system as represented by the functionalobject; f) receiving, at the computing device, a fourth user inputindicative of a selected variable among said plurality of variables; andg) causing, by the computing device, said at least one of the devices inthe industrial automation system as represented by the functional objectto make the selected variable accessible to the user terminal device,wherein the automation system configuration program executes step g) byinvoking functionality in the HMI tool and/or PLC tool and/or cloud toolto communicate with the cloud service provider to make the selectedvariable communicatively accessible between said at least one of thedevices in the industrial automation system and the user terminaldevice.
 10. The method as defined in claim 8, wherein the cloud serviceprovider and said at least one of the devices in the industrialautomation system are configured for communication with each otherduring runtime using an IP address.
 11. The method as defined in claim1, wherein said step d) of causing the cloud service provider to enablecommunication between the user terminal device and at least one of thedevices in the industrial automation system comprises: generating webapplication program code to be read and performed by the user terminaldevice in order to communicate with said at least one of the devices inthe industrial automation system.
 12. The method as defined in claim 11,wherein said step d) of causing the cloud service provider to enablecommunication between the user terminal device and at least one of thedevices in the industrial automation system further comprises:generating and/or administrating a link to the generated web applicationprogram code; and providing the link to the user terminal device. 13.The method as defined in claim 12, further comprising: the user terminaldevice using the link to retrieve the generated web application programcode.
 14. The method as defined in claim 11, the method furthercomprising: e) presenting, at the computing device, a plurality ofvariables for said at least one of the devices in the industrialautomation system as represented by the functional object; f) receiving,at the computing device, a fourth user input indicative of a selectedvariable among said plurality of variables; g) causing, by the computingdevice, said at least one of the devices in the industrial automationsystem as represented by the functional object to make the selectedvariable accessible to the user terminal device; h) providing, at thecomputing device, a dashboard editor; i) receiving, at the computingdevice, a fifth user input indicative of a selected visualization of theselected variable which is to be made accessible to the user terminaldevice; and j) causing, by the computing device, implementation of theselected visualization in the web application program code to be readand performed by the user terminal device.
 15. The method as defined inclaim 14, wherein the visualization is one or more of a graphical meter,a diagram, a chart, a numerical indication, a symbol, and an icon. 16.The method as defined in claim 6, further comprising the following atrun-time: when the selected variable is a bidirectional variable or aunidirectional variable value being readable by the user terminaldevice, said at least one of the devices in the industrial automationsystem communicating with the cloud service provider at a definedperiodicity or time scheme to report a current value of the selectedvariable, wherein the cloud service provider receives the reportedcurrent value and stores it in a database or similar storage; when theselected variable is a bidirectional variable or a unidirectionalvariable value being settable by the user terminal device, said at leastone of the devices in the industrial automation system communicatingwith the cloud service provider at the defined periodicity or timescheme to retrieve a value of the selected variable as changed by theuser terminal device and stored by the cloud service provider in itsdatabase or similar storage; and the user terminal device communicatingwith the cloud service provider to retrieve the stored variable valuefrom the database or similar storage and to provide a changed variablevalue to be stored in the database or similar storage, respectively. 17.A computer program product comprising a non-transitory computer-readablemedium, having thereon computer program code, when said computer programproduct is loaded, to make a computer execute the method of configuringan industrial automation system as defined in claim
 1. 18. A method ofconfiguring an industrial automation system for internet-of-thingsaccessibility, the industrial automation system having a systemhierarchy including low-level devices, automation devices andsupervision and production control devices, the method comprising: a)receiving, at a computing device, a first user input indicative of afunctional object representing one or more of said low-level devices,and/or one or more of said automation devices, and/or one or more ofsaid supervising and production control devices in the industrialautomation system; b) receiving, at the computing device, a second userinput indicative of a cloud object representing a cloud service providerbeing external to the industrial automation system; c) receiving, at thecomputing device, a third user input indicative of a user terminalobject representing a user terminal device being external to theindustrial automation system; and d) causing, by the computing device,the cloud service provider to enable communication between the userterminal device and at least one of the devices in the industrialautomation system as represented by the functional object via the cloudservice provider, wherein the functional object, the cloud object andthe user terminal object are objects which may be selected by a userdragging from a selection area and dropped onto a workspace or canvasarea of an automation system configuration program executed on or by thecomputing device, and wherein the functional object, the cloud objectand the user terminal object are connected to each other in theworkspace or canvas area prior to said step d) of causing, by thecomputing device, the cloud service provider to enable communicationbetween the user terminal device and at least one of the devices in theindustrial automation system as represented by the functional object viathe cloud service provider.
 19. A computer program product comprising anon-transitory computer-readable medium, having thereon computer programcode, when said computer program product is loaded, to make a computerexecute the method of configuring an industrial automation system asdefined in claim
 18. 20. A method of configuring an industrialautomation system for internet-of-things accessibility, the industrialautomation system having a system hierarchy including low-level devices,automation devices and supervision and production control devices, themethod comprising: a) receiving, at a computing device, a first userinput indicative of a functional object representing one or more of saidlow-level devices, and/or one or more of said automation devices, and/orone or more of said supervising and production control devices in theindustrial automation system; b) receiving, at the computing device, asecond user input indicative of a cloud object representing a cloudservice provider being external to the industrial automation system; c)receiving, at the computing device, a third user input indicative of auser terminal object representing a user terminal device being externalto the industrial automation system; and d) causing, by the computingdevice, the cloud service provider to enable communication between theuser terminal device and at least one of the devices in the industrialautomation system as represented by the functional object via the cloudservice provider, wherein said step d) of causing the cloud serviceprovider to enable communication between the user terminal device and atleast one of the devices in the industrial automation system comprises:generating web application program code to be read and performed by theuser terminal device in order to communicate with said at least one ofthe devices in the industrial automation system; generating and/oradministrating a link to the generated web application program code; andproviding the link to the user terminal device, thereby enabling theuser terminal device to use the link to retrieve the generated webapplication program code.
 21. A computer program product comprising anon-transitory computer-readable medium, having thereon computer programcode, when said computer program product is loaded, to make a computerexecute the method of configuring an industrial automation system asdefined in claim 20.